Vaginal Thrush

Medically Reviewed

Vaginal thrush is a common yeast infection causing itching, thick white discharge, and soreness. It is easily treated with antifungal medication (oral or topical). While not an STI, it can be triggered by antibiotics, hormonal changes, or a weakened immune system.

Vaginal Thrush: Key Facts

Incubation Period
Not applicable (overgrowth of natural yeast)
Test Window
Can be tested at any time when symptomatic
Results
24–48 hours
Treatment
Antifungal medication (fluconazole or topical clotrimazole)
Cure Rate
90%+ with treatment
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Results within 24 hours • Same-day treatment available

Symptoms of Vaginal Thrush

Common Symptoms

  • Itching and irritation in the genital area
  • Thick white discharge
  • Soreness and redness

Symptoms in Men

  • Irritation, burning, or itching under the foreskin or tip of the penis
  • Redness or red patches on the penis
  • Thick, white discharge under the foreskin
  • Difficulty pulling back the foreskin

Symptoms in Women

  • Thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge
  • Intense vulval and vaginal itching
  • Soreness and stinging during sex or urination
  • Redness and swelling of the vulva

How is Vaginal Thrush Transmitted?

  • Not an STI — caused by overgrowth of naturally present yeast
  • Can be triggered by antibiotics, hormonal changes, or weakened immunity
  • Rarely passed between sexual partners

Prevention

  • Avoid perfumed soaps and shower gels near the genitals
  • Wear cotton underwear and loose-fitting clothing
  • Avoid unnecessary antibiotics
  • Maintain good hygiene without overwashing

Complications if Untreated

  • Recurrent thrush (four or more episodes per year)
  • Skin cracking and secondary infection
  • Rarely serious in otherwise healthy individuals

Frequently Asked Questions

Dr Mohammad Bakhtiar
Medically Reviewed

Dr Mohammad Bakhtiar

MD, PhD, LRCP, MSc, DHMSA

Sexual Health

GMC: 4694470Last reviewed: January 2026

All medical content is reviewed by qualified healthcare professionals registered with the General Medical Council (GMC).

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